化学教学杂志2024年第8期-化学教学杂志社

化学教学杂志2024年第8期

深度学习的基本特征与促进策略——基于知识学习过程的视角

陈风雷
深度学习是知识素养化的主要途径，学科教学应该针对深度学习的特征，将相关促进策略贯穿于学生知识学习的全过程，以保障学生知识向素养的深度转化和核心素养的形成与发展。以化学学科为例，并从知识学习的理解、巩固和应用的全过程进行考察可以发现，深度学习具有多层次加工理解知识、结构化建构巩固知识、灵活性迁移应用知识等基本特征，对应的促进策略主要有优化教学逻辑、揭示内在联系和创设真实情境等方面。 "/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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科学本质视域下的新旧义务教育化学课程标准课程内容研究

陈浚铭,钱扬义,温金菊,吴锶敏
根据科学本质（NOS）教育的最新分析框架——FRA范式，采用内容分析法对2011年版和2022年版义务教育化学课程标准的课程内容中，涉及科学本质不同要素的内容进行频次统计与分析。结果表明：2022年版课标呈现的要素种类更多且联系更紧密，尤其关注化学科学与社会背景的相互作用。据此提出相应的教学实践建议。 "/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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化学核心素养评价研究进展——基于CiteSpace的可视化分析

李苏杰,刘子忠,张凤英,赵瑞生
查阅与化学核心素养评价相关的文献，利用CiteSpace软件对文献进行可视化分析，梳理出化学核心素养评价依据（理念）、评价理论基础、评价框架（指标体系）的构建等研究热点，并对所梳理出的热点研究领域的研究成果进行深入系统的汇总分析。 "/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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深度学习观照下的教学情境创设与使用——高中化学深度学习优质实施案例研究启示

崔雪芹
以《化学教育》《化学教学》刊发、中国人民大学复印报刊转载的2003-2023年高中化学深度学习优质实施案例为研究对象，采用内容分析法研究其情境创设及使用现状，以此为基础给出深度学习观照下的情境创设建议。 "/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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高中化学课程思政教育的理论分析与实践探索

惠海涛
在高中化学教学中融合课程思政教育是指在教学中注重化学课程对立德树人根本任务的落实，实现育人和育才相统一的教育理念和活动。将化学课程中的思政要素从家国情怀、社会责任、公民品质的角度进行分类，探讨了高中化学教学各环节中课程思政教育的实施策略：确立体现思政教育与素养发展的教学目标，选择适切高中化学教学的思政教育内容，创设生动活泼的思政教育教学方式，设置蕴含思政教育元素的实践类作业，进行渗透课程思政教育的学业质量评价和开展蕴含课程思政教育的延伸性活动。 "/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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初中化学跨学科实践的任务化设计与实施——以“汽车的发展历程”为例

钱柳云
以探究“汽车的发展历程”为情境，通过跨学科实践的任务化设计，引导学生从能源、环保和材料等角度探索汽车发展因素。综合运用化学、物理等知识，旨在减少污染、实现可持续发展，开发创新解决方案。这种跨学科实践不仅有助于学生理解跨学科概念，还能够通过实践培养学生的关键能力和必备品格，发展科学思维，强化创新意识，对学生核心素养的发展和课程育人功能的发挥具有重要作用。 "/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); }, doAfterFun:function(selector,jsonData){doMagVueAfter(selector,jsonData);}});//参考文献可视化richRefCharts(window.metaDatas);var pars = {attachType:'PDF',id:$("#articleId").val(),json:true};jQuery.post($("#mag-common-contextPath").val()+"/CN/article/showArticleFile.do?" + new Date().getTime(), pars, function(data){var json=null;if(data.match(/^\[json\].*/g)){json=eval("("+data.replace(/^\[json\]/g,"")+")");}if(json && json.status == 1){//有权限}else{//无权限$("#no-access-div").show();}});mag_ajax({url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do',data:{articleId:$("#articleId").val(),token:'d778680890a84972a7752d0982d40cf4',referer:document.referrer},dataType:"json",async:"false",success:function(json){if(json.richHtmlJson && json.richHtmlJson.article){if(json.trans){var _nlmdtdXmlCN = $("#article_nlmdtdXmlCN").val();var magDirCN = _nlmdtdXmlCN.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');json.richHtmlJson.magDir=magDirCN;}else{json.richHtmlJson.magDir=magDir;}new mag_vue({ el: '#bodyVue', data:json.richHtmlJson, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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融合UbD理论的初中化学项目式教学探索——以“复分解反应”为例

王睿,杨雪梅
融合项目式教学与UbD理论，构建适用于初中化学教学的融合框架。以“复分解反应”为例，探讨融合框架的实际应用。在此基础上，选择制取固体酒精作为项目任务，通过了解醋酸钙的性质、探究醋酸钙以及固体酒精的制取，引导学生深入学习，力求教学目标的达成。同时，运用过程性评价与结果性评价相结合的方式，全面评估综合表现，促进学生提升化学学科核心素养，加深对化学学科的实际应用价值的认识。"/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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促进大概念建构的单元复习课设计与实践——以“水溶液中的离子反应与平衡”为例

王书玉,陈寅
以“水溶液中的离子反应与平衡”为例，在单元教学结尾开设大概念建构课。以“从平衡视角认识离子反应”的大概念为引领，创设“废水处理中反应原理的探究”的真实问题情境，通过进阶式活动设计，让学生经历“形成→完善→应用”大概念的完整学习过程，帮助学生建构结构化知识，形成解决水溶液中相关问题的认识视角，发展学科核心素养。 "/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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基于IFR思维方法发展学生创新思维的教学实践——以苏教版高中化学必修“化学电源”为例

施志斌,黄丹青
发展创新意识的关键是创新思维的形成与发展以及掌握思维创新的方法。以“化学电源”教学为例，通过完成四个微项目活动，运用IFR思维方法，分析化学电源史上的重要技术创新，帮助学生认识化学电源的创立与变迁，培养与发展学生的创新思维能力。 "/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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促进学科能力发展的化学教学实践——以“氧化剂和还原剂”为例

滕瑛巧,王星乔,潘妩璠,包朝龙
以ADDIE模式为基本范式，构建学科能力导向的教学设计模型。选择石化企业的克劳斯法处理H2S烟气工艺作为情境素材，围绕明晰氧化剂和还原剂、预测物质氧化性或还原性、探究物质氧化性或还原性、解决生产实际问题等教学板块，精心设计驱动性问题和多样化、梯度化的能力发展任务，使学生在问题解决、任务完成的学习过程中逐步建立认知角度，形成认识思路。 "/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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大概念统领下的初中化学单元教学设计与实践——以“基于化学史认识物质构成的奥秘”为例

李杨
以单元核心概念分子、原子、元素等的起源与发展史为情境，基于“物质的组成”的大概念，以“基于化学史认识物质构成的奥秘”为例，从单元教学内容及大概念内涵分析、教学目标、学习活动规划、教学片段实录和教学反思五个方面，设计单元教学的案例，引导学生形成宏微结合认识物质及其变化的化学学科视角，理解大概念的内涵，发展化学学科核心素养。"/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); }, doAfterFun:function(selector,jsonData){doMagVueAfter(selector,jsonData);}});//参考文献可视化richRefCharts(window.metaDatas);var pars = {attachType:'PDF',id:$("#articleId").val(),json:true};jQuery.post($("#mag-common-contextPath").val()+"/CN/article/showArticleFile.do?" + new Date().getTime(), pars, function(data){var json=null;if(data.match(/^\[json\].*/g)){json=eval("("+data.replace(/^\[json\]/g,"")+")");}if(json && json.status == 1){//有权限}else{//无权限$("#no-access-div").show();}});mag_ajax({url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do',data:{articleId:$("#articleId").val(),token:'123bc2a5af8d41fcba7917fd0d396ccb',referer:document.referrer},dataType:"json",async:"false",success:function(json){if(json.richHtmlJson && json.richHtmlJson.article){if(json.trans){var _nlmdtdXmlCN = $("#article_nlmdtdXmlCN").val();var magDirCN = _nlmdtdXmlCN.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');json.richHtmlJson.magDir=magDirCN;}else{json.richHtmlJson.magDir=magDir;}new mag_vue({ el: '#bodyVue', data:json.richHtmlJson, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); }, doAfterFun:function(selector,jsonData){doMagVueAfter(selector,jsonData);}});}}});//altmetricif($.trim($("#article_doi").val())!=''){$.ajax({url:'https://api.altmetric.com/v1/doi/'+$.trim($("#article_doi").val())+'?callback=altmetric_callback',//url:'https://api.altmetric.com/v1/doi/10.1007/s13238-016-0264-7?callback=altmetric_callback',dataType:'jsonp'});}mag_rich_menu(jQuery);$(function(){ $('#autoMenu').autoMenu();})$("#autoMenu").niceScroll({cursorcolor: "#ccc", //滚动条的颜色cursoropacitymax: 0, //滚动条的透明度，从0-1 touchbehavior: false, //使光标拖动滚动像在台式电脑触摸设备 true滚动条拖动不可用 cursorwidth: "6px", //滚动条的宽度单位默认px cursorborder: "0", // 游标边框css定义 cursorborderradius: "3px", //滚动条两头的圆角 autohidemode: true, //是否隐藏滚动条 true的时候默认不显示滚动条，当鼠标经过的时候显示滚动条 zindex: "auto", //给滚动条设置z-index值 railvalign:'defaul',railpadding: {top: 0,right: -6,left: 0,bottom: 0}, //滚动条的位置});window.autoMenuFlag=true;$("#relatedArticles").niceScroll({cursorcolor: "#ccc", //滚动条的颜色cursoropacitymax: 0, //滚动条的透明度，从0-1 touchbehavior: false, //使光标拖动滚动像在台式电脑触摸设备 true滚动条拖动不可用 cursorwidth: "6px", //滚动条的宽度单位默认px cursorborder: "0", // 游标边框css定义 cursorborderradius: "3px", //滚动条两头的圆角 autohidemode: true, //是否隐藏滚动条 true的时候默认不显示滚动条，当鼠标经过的时候显示滚动条 zindex: "auto", //给滚动条设置z-index值 railvalign:'defaul',railpadding: {top: 0,right: -6,left: 0,bottom: 0}, //滚动条的位置});//公式序号居右jQuery(".mag-xml-disp-formula").each(function() {var _this = jQuery(this);var _label= _this.children("label");if(typeof(_label.html())!="undefined"){_this.children("label").remove();_this.wrap("");_this.parent().parent().append(""+_label.html()+"");}});$('body').click(function(){$('.daochu_div').hide();$('.qipao').hide();})$('.qipao').click(function(event){event.stopPropagation();})/*参考文献显示隐藏*/$('.biaotijiantoush1').click(function(event){if($(this).attr('class')=='glyphicon glyphicon-triangle-top biaotijiantoush biaotijiantoush1'){$(this).parents('.mag_main_zhengwen_left_div_ckwx_table_benwenyiny').next('.mag_main_zhengwen_left_div_ckwx_table_ckwx_xiangqing').stop().slideUp();$(this).attr('class','glyphicon glyphicon-triangle-bottom biaotijiantoush biaotijiantoush1');}else if($(this).attr('class')=='glyphicon glyphicon-triangle-bottom biaotijiantoush biaotijiantoush1'){$(this).parents('.mag_main_zhengwen_left_div_ckwx_table_benwenyiny').next('.mag_main_zhengwen_left_div_ckwx_table_ckwx_xiangqing').stop().slideDown();$(this).attr('class','glyphicon glyphicon-triangle-top biaotijiantoush biaotijiantoush1');}event.stopPropagation();});//加载补充材料mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showArticle_suppls',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/article/showArticleSuppls.do',data:{articleId:$("#articleId").val()}});//加载专题mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showArticle_subjects',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/subject/showSubjectListByArticle.do',data:{articleId:$("#articleId").val(),forwardJsp:'showArticle'}});//知识标引(规范词标引)mag_rich_lexemeCnctst($("#articleId").val(),'CN',document.getElementById('bodyVue'));//渲染公式mag_mathJax();});function altmetric_callback(json){if(json && json.score){if(json.score - parseInt(json.score) > 0){$("#altmetric-score").html(parseInt(json.score)+1);}else{$("#altmetric-score").html(parseInt(json.score));}$(".main_content_center_right_duoweidu_div").css("width","25%");$("#altmetric-a").show();$("#altmetric-a").attr("href",json.details_url);}}function richClickAuthor(name){var searchSQL = "((("+mag_advSearchValReplace(name)+"[Author]) AND 1J[Journal]) AND year[Order])";mag_request({url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/searchresult',data:{searchSQL:searchSQL}});}function richClickKeyword(keyword){var searchSQL = "((("+mag_advSearchValReplace(keyword)+"[Keyword]) AND 1J[Journal]) AND year[Order])";mag_request({url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/searchresult',data:{searchSQL:searchSQL}});}function mag_share(){$("#bShare_more_a").click();}function loadRelatedArticles(){if($("#showRelatedArticles") && $("#showRelatedArticles").length>0){//加载过了}else{mag_loading();mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'relatedArticles-content',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/article/relatedArticle.do',data:{id:$("#articleId").val(), forwardJsp:'showArticle'},complete:function(){mag_layer_close();}});}}function showMetrics(){mag_window_location(mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/metrics/'+$("#articleId").val());}function piaofuFn(a,fnId){var content=''+$("#mag-rich-fn-"+fnId).html()+'';piaofu(a,content);}function piaofuCnctst(a,cnctst_id){if($("#mag_rich_cnctst_info_"+cnctst_id) && $("#mag_rich_cnctst_info_"+cnctst_id).length && $("#mag_rich_cnctst_info_"+cnctst_id).length>0){var content=''+$("#mag_rich_cnctst_info_"+cnctst_id).html()+''; 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提高化学教学实践性、探究性的利器

王云生
以化学学科的实验教学为例，讨论、分析《中小学实验教学基本目录》的教学要求和实施意义。论述进一步推进化学实验教学方式的改革，提高化学实验教学的质量，增强化学课程教学的实践性、探究性的途径与方法。  "/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); }, doAfterFun:function(selector,jsonData){doMagVueAfter(selector,jsonData);}});//参考文献可视化richRefCharts(window.metaDatas);var pars = {attachType:'PDF',id:$("#articleId").val(),json:true};jQuery.post($("#mag-common-contextPath").val()+"/CN/article/showArticleFile.do?" + new Date().getTime(), pars, function(data){var json=null;if(data.match(/^\[json\].*/g)){json=eval("("+data.replace(/^\[json\]/g,"")+")");}if(json && json.status == 1){//有权限}else{//无权限$("#no-access-div").show();}});mag_ajax({url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do',data:{articleId:$("#articleId").val(),token:'dfe161b209bb48949ac69a51ab414e82',referer:document.referrer},dataType:"json",async:"false",success:function(json){if(json.richHtmlJson && json.richHtmlJson.article){if(json.trans){var _nlmdtdXmlCN = $("#article_nlmdtdXmlCN").val();var magDirCN = _nlmdtdXmlCN.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');json.richHtmlJson.magDir=magDirCN;}else{json.richHtmlJson.magDir=magDir;}new mag_vue({ el: '#bodyVue', data:json.richHtmlJson, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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piaofu(a,content); }else{ var div=document.createElement("div"); div.style.display='none'; div.id="mag_rich_cnctst_info_"+cnctst_id; document.body.appendChild(div); mag_ajax_update({ selector:"#mag_rich_cnctst_info_"+cnctst_id, url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/lexeme/showCnctstOnRich.do", data:{cnctst_id:cnctst_id,articleId:$("#articleId").val(),Count:5}, success:function(){ var content=''+$("#mag_rich_cnctst_info_"+cnctst_id).html()+''; piaofu(a,content); } }); }}function clickFigXref(a,figId){if(figId!=''){$("[mag-fig-id='"+figId+"']")[0].scrollIntoView();}}function clickTabXref(a,tabId){if(tabId!=''){document.getElementById(tabId).scrollIntoView();}}function huoqukuanduimg(){//}function doDataJsonText(text){var str = text;//var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();//var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');str = str.replace(/";ss += "";var shuomingTitle = "";var shuomingContent = '';if(fig.titleCn && fig.titleCn!=''){shuomingTitle = fig.titleCn;if(fig.titleContentCn && fig.titleContentCn!=''){shuomingContent += fig.titleContentCn;}}if(shuomingTitle==''){if(fig.titleEn && fig.titleEn!=''){shuomingTitle = fig.titleEn;}if(fig.titleContentEn && fig.titleContentEn!=''){shuomingContent += fig.titleContentEn;}}else{if(fig.titleEn && fig.titleEn!=''){shuomingContent += ""+fig.titleEn+"
塑料滴管用于实验改进的案例

马力
利用塑料滴管对中学化学氢气、氯气光照爆炸，萃取分离等几个实验进行改进。改进后实验装置简化、制作方便，且成本较低，实验药品用量较少、实验操作简单，用于教学能启发学生的创新思维，取得较好的效果。改进案例可为实验改进提供新的思路。 "/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); }, doAfterFun:function(selector,jsonData){doMagVueAfter(selector,jsonData);}});//参考文献可视化richRefCharts(window.metaDatas);var pars = {attachType:'PDF',id:$("#articleId").val(),json:true};jQuery.post($("#mag-common-contextPath").val()+"/CN/article/showArticleFile.do?" + new Date().getTime(), pars, function(data){var json=null;if(data.match(/^\[json\].*/g)){json=eval("("+data.replace(/^\[json\]/g,"")+")");}if(json && json.status == 1){//有权限}else{//无权限$("#no-access-div").show();}});mag_ajax({url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do',data:{articleId:$("#articleId").val(),token:'02f13537e98b4e3fb47f3597685d71ab',referer:document.referrer},dataType:"json",async:"false",success:function(json){if(json.richHtmlJson && json.richHtmlJson.article){if(json.trans){var _nlmdtdXmlCN = $("#article_nlmdtdXmlCN").val();var magDirCN = _nlmdtdXmlCN.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');json.richHtmlJson.magDir=magDirCN;}else{json.richHtmlJson.magDir=magDir;}new mag_vue({ el: '#bodyVue', data:json.richHtmlJson, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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利用玻璃仪器组合装置开展实验的设计

余琰
借助一组可自由联结的玻璃仪器进行实验装置的设计和改进。以乙醇与钠反应、浓硫酸与铜反应、硝酸与铜反应为例，通过分析实验的原理和目的、针对实验中的问题，改进实验装置并完成实验。玻璃仪器多样化的组合方式灵活实用，操作方便，有助于激发学生兴趣、启迪思维、促进理解、培养能力。 "/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); }, doAfterFun:function(selector,jsonData){doMagVueAfter(selector,jsonData);}});//参考文献可视化richRefCharts(window.metaDatas);var pars = {attachType:'PDF',id:$("#articleId").val(),json:true};jQuery.post($("#mag-common-contextPath").val()+"/CN/article/showArticleFile.do?" + new Date().getTime(), pars, function(data){var json=null;if(data.match(/^\[json\].*/g)){json=eval("("+data.replace(/^\[json\]/g,"")+")");}if(json && json.status == 1){//有权限}else{//无权限$("#no-access-div").show();}});mag_ajax({url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do',data:{articleId:$("#articleId").val(),token:'d6478f9823d747a58fca59318c247aac',referer:document.referrer},dataType:"json",async:"false",success:function(json){if(json.richHtmlJson && json.richHtmlJson.article){if(json.trans){var _nlmdtdXmlCN = $("#article_nlmdtdXmlCN").val();var magDirCN = _nlmdtdXmlCN.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');json.richHtmlJson.magDir=magDirCN;}else{json.richHtmlJson.magDir=magDir;}new mag_vue({ el: '#bodyVue', data:json.richHtmlJson, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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piaofu(a,content); }else{ var div=document.createElement("div"); div.style.display='none'; div.id="mag_rich_cnctst_info_"+cnctst_id; document.body.appendChild(div); mag_ajax_update({ selector:"#mag_rich_cnctst_info_"+cnctst_id, url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/lexeme/showCnctstOnRich.do", data:{cnctst_id:cnctst_id,articleId:$("#articleId").val(),Count:5}, success:function(){ var content=''+$("#mag_rich_cnctst_info_"+cnctst_id).html()+''; piaofu(a,content); } }); }}function clickFigXref(a,figId){if(figId!=''){$("[mag-fig-id='"+figId+"']")[0].scrollIntoView();}}function clickTabXref(a,tabId){if(tabId!=''){document.getElementById(tabId).scrollIntoView();}}function huoqukuanduimg(){//}function doDataJsonText(text){var str = text;//var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();//var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');str = str.replace(/";ss += "";var shuomingTitle = "";var shuomingContent = '';if(fig.titleCn && fig.titleCn!=''){shuomingTitle = fig.titleCn;if(fig.titleContentCn && fig.titleContentCn!=''){shuomingContent += fig.titleContentCn;}}if(shuomingTitle==''){if(fig.titleEn && fig.titleEn!=''){shuomingTitle = fig.titleEn;}if(fig.titleContentEn && fig.titleContentEn!=''){shuomingContent += fig.titleContentEn;}}else{if(fig.titleEn && fig.titleEn!=''){shuomingContent += ""+fig.titleEn+"
具支U型管与小试管组合装置进行对比实验的尝试

谢丹敏,陈钰
利用封底的具支U型管与小试管组装成对比实验装置，借助该装置设计了“探究物质燃烧的条件实验”和“比较金属活动性强弱实验”等多个对比实验。新实验装置的使用操作方便、药品用量少，不污染教室空气，实验现象明显，满足了个性化实验的需要，提升了实验教学的实效性，有效帮助了学生理解和掌握化学知识和实验技能。 "/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); }, doAfterFun:function(selector,jsonData){doMagVueAfter(selector,jsonData);}});//参考文献可视化richRefCharts(window.metaDatas);var pars = {attachType:'PDF',id:$("#articleId").val(),json:true};jQuery.post($("#mag-common-contextPath").val()+"/CN/article/showArticleFile.do?" + new Date().getTime(), pars, function(data){var json=null;if(data.match(/^\[json\].*/g)){json=eval("("+data.replace(/^\[json\]/g,"")+")");}if(json && json.status == 1){//有权限}else{//无权限$("#no-access-div").show();}});mag_ajax({url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do',data:{articleId:$("#articleId").val(),token:'b59fa8703ea1431eb6cfb52fd9a3b9a3',referer:document.referrer},dataType:"json",async:"false",success:function(json){if(json.richHtmlJson && json.richHtmlJson.article){if(json.trans){var _nlmdtdXmlCN = $("#article_nlmdtdXmlCN").val();var magDirCN = _nlmdtdXmlCN.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');json.richHtmlJson.magDir=magDirCN;}else{json.richHtmlJson.magDir=magDir;}new mag_vue({ el: '#bodyVue', data:json.richHtmlJson, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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对氢氧化亚铁制备实验的评析及再设计

杨茵,龚文莲
氢氧化亚铁制备的实验现象在不同版本教材中的描述有所不同。在梳理与剖析了相关文献资料后，发现其中对该实验原理的探究有一条循序渐进的主线，也有不少矫枉过正的改进方案，故对该实验进行了再探究。选用低浓度的NaOH试剂以确保安全与节约；改变教材上两种试剂的滴加顺序和滴加方法，利用烧碱溶液煮沸除去氧气后的余热来提升该实验的成功率；出现红褐色的现象进行对照实验，发现将绿色沉淀转移到滤纸上，呈现红褐色更快，更便于观察。 "/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); }, doAfterFun:function(selector,jsonData){doMagVueAfter(selector,jsonData);}});//参考文献可视化richRefCharts(window.metaDatas);var pars = {attachType:'PDF',id:$("#articleId").val(),json:true};jQuery.post($("#mag-common-contextPath").val()+"/CN/article/showArticleFile.do?" + new Date().getTime(), pars, function(data){var json=null;if(data.match(/^\[json\].*/g)){json=eval("("+data.replace(/^\[json\]/g,"")+")");}if(json && json.status == 1){//有权限}else{//无权限$("#no-access-div").show();}});mag_ajax({url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do',data:{articleId:$("#articleId").val(),token:'353b36dadb654e059d66ce7adc22d9b2',referer:document.referrer},dataType:"json",async:"false",success:function(json){if(json.richHtmlJson && json.richHtmlJson.article){if(json.trans){var _nlmdtdXmlCN = $("#article_nlmdtdXmlCN").val();var magDirCN = _nlmdtdXmlCN.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');json.richHtmlJson.magDir=magDirCN;}else{json.richHtmlJson.magDir=magDir;}new mag_vue({ el: '#bodyVue', data:json.richHtmlJson, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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基于“教-学-评”一体化的高中化学单元作业设计与实施——以“盐类的水解”单元为例

程晶,王秀红,武衍杰
日常学习评价对于促进学生化学学科核心素养的发展具有重要意义，单元作业是实施日常学习评价的重要途径。基于“教-学-评”一体化的内涵，通过梳理已有研究，提炼高中化学单元作业的特征和要素，提出单元作业设计与实施的操作流程和具体原则。以“盐类的水解”单元为例，阐述单元作业设计与实施的具体过程，并根据单元作业的实施情况与反馈，提出教学补救措施。 "/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); }, doAfterFun:function(selector,jsonData){doMagVueAfter(selector,jsonData);}});//参考文献可视化richRefCharts(window.metaDatas);var pars = {attachType:'PDF',id:$("#articleId").val(),json:true};jQuery.post($("#mag-common-contextPath").val()+"/CN/article/showArticleFile.do?" + new Date().getTime(), pars, function(data){var json=null;if(data.match(/^\[json\].*/g)){json=eval("("+data.replace(/^\[json\]/g,"")+")");}if(json && json.status == 1){//有权限}else{//无权限$("#no-access-div").show();}});mag_ajax({url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do',data:{articleId:$("#articleId").val(),token:'75b311430c194a9a97a7fbb3814c5c7f',referer:document.referrer},dataType:"json",async:"false",success:function(json){if(json.richHtmlJson && json.richHtmlJson.article){if(json.trans){var _nlmdtdXmlCN = $("#article_nlmdtdXmlCN").val();var magDirCN = _nlmdtdXmlCN.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');json.richHtmlJson.magDir=magDirCN;}else{json.richHtmlJson.magDir=magDir;}new mag_vue({ el: '#bodyVue', data:json.richHtmlJson, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); }, doAfterFun:function(selector,jsonData){doMagVueAfter(selector,jsonData);}});}}});//altmetricif($.trim($("#article_doi").val())!=''){$.ajax({url:'https://api.altmetric.com/v1/doi/'+$.trim($("#article_doi").val())+'?callback=altmetric_callback',//url:'https://api.altmetric.com/v1/doi/10.1007/s13238-016-0264-7?callback=altmetric_callback',dataType:'jsonp'});}mag_rich_menu(jQuery);$(function(){ $('#autoMenu').autoMenu();})$("#autoMenu").niceScroll({cursorcolor: "#ccc", //滚动条的颜色cursoropacitymax: 0, //滚动条的透明度，从0-1 touchbehavior: false, //使光标拖动滚动像在台式电脑触摸设备 true滚动条拖动不可用 cursorwidth: "6px", //滚动条的宽度单位默认px cursorborder: "0", // 游标边框css定义 cursorborderradius: "3px", //滚动条两头的圆角 autohidemode: true, //是否隐藏滚动条 true的时候默认不显示滚动条，当鼠标经过的时候显示滚动条 zindex: "auto", //给滚动条设置z-index值 railvalign:'defaul',railpadding: {top: 0,right: -6,left: 0,bottom: 0}, //滚动条的位置});window.autoMenuFlag=true;$("#relatedArticles").niceScroll({cursorcolor: "#ccc", //滚动条的颜色cursoropacitymax: 0, //滚动条的透明度，从0-1 touchbehavior: false, //使光标拖动滚动像在台式电脑触摸设备 true滚动条拖动不可用 cursorwidth: "6px", //滚动条的宽度单位默认px cursorborder: "0", // 游标边框css定义 cursorborderradius: "3px", //滚动条两头的圆角 autohidemode: true, //是否隐藏滚动条 true的时候默认不显示滚动条，当鼠标经过的时候显示滚动条 zindex: "auto", //给滚动条设置z-index值 railvalign:'defaul',railpadding: {top: 0,right: -6,left: 0,bottom: 0}, //滚动条的位置});//公式序号居右jQuery(".mag-xml-disp-formula").each(function() {var _this = jQuery(this);var _label= _this.children("label");if(typeof(_label.html())!="undefined"){_this.children("label").remove();_this.wrap("");_this.parent().parent().append(""+_label.html()+"");}});$('body').click(function(){$('.daochu_div').hide();$('.qipao').hide();})$('.qipao').click(function(event){event.stopPropagation();})/*参考文献显示隐藏*/$('.biaotijiantoush1').click(function(event){if($(this).attr('class')=='glyphicon glyphicon-triangle-top biaotijiantoush biaotijiantoush1'){$(this).parents('.mag_main_zhengwen_left_div_ckwx_table_benwenyiny').next('.mag_main_zhengwen_left_div_ckwx_table_ckwx_xiangqing').stop().slideUp();$(this).attr('class','glyphicon glyphicon-triangle-bottom biaotijiantoush biaotijiantoush1');}else if($(this).attr('class')=='glyphicon glyphicon-triangle-bottom biaotijiantoush biaotijiantoush1'){$(this).parents('.mag_main_zhengwen_left_div_ckwx_table_benwenyiny').next('.mag_main_zhengwen_left_div_ckwx_table_ckwx_xiangqing').stop().slideDown();$(this).attr('class','glyphicon glyphicon-triangle-top biaotijiantoush biaotijiantoush1');}event.stopPropagation();});//加载补充材料mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showArticle_suppls',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/article/showArticleSuppls.do',data:{articleId:$("#articleId").val()}});//加载专题mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showArticle_subjects',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/subject/showSubjectListByArticle.do',data:{articleId:$("#articleId").val(),forwardJsp:'showArticle'}});//知识标引(规范词标引)mag_rich_lexemeCnctst($("#articleId").val(),'CN',document.getElementById('bodyVue'));//渲染公式mag_mathJax();});function altmetric_callback(json){if(json && json.score){if(json.score - parseInt(json.score) > 0){$("#altmetric-score").html(parseInt(json.score)+1);}else{$("#altmetric-score").html(parseInt(json.score));}$(".main_content_center_right_duoweidu_div").css("width","25%");$("#altmetric-a").show();$("#altmetric-a").attr("href",json.details_url);}}function richClickAuthor(name){var searchSQL = "((("+mag_advSearchValReplace(name)+"[Author]) AND 1J[Journal]) AND year[Order])";mag_request({url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/searchresult',data:{searchSQL:searchSQL}});}function richClickKeyword(keyword){var searchSQL = "((("+mag_advSearchValReplace(keyword)+"[Keyword]) AND 1J[Journal]) AND year[Order])";mag_request({url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/searchresult',data:{searchSQL:searchSQL}});}function mag_share(){$("#bShare_more_a").click();}function loadRelatedArticles(){if($("#showRelatedArticles") && $("#showRelatedArticles").length>0){//加载过了}else{mag_loading();mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'relatedArticles-content',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/article/relatedArticle.do',data:{id:$("#articleId").val(), forwardJsp:'showArticle'},complete:function(){mag_layer_close();}});}}function showMetrics(){mag_window_location(mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/metrics/'+$("#articleId").val());}function piaofuFn(a,fnId){var content=''+$("#mag-rich-fn-"+fnId).html()+'';piaofu(a,content);}function piaofuCnctst(a,cnctst_id){if($("#mag_rich_cnctst_info_"+cnctst_id) && $("#mag_rich_cnctst_info_"+cnctst_id).length && $("#mag_rich_cnctst_info_"+cnctst_id).length>0){var content=''+$("#mag_rich_cnctst_info_"+cnctst_id).html()+''; piaofu(a,content); }else{ var div=document.createElement("div"); div.style.display='none'; div.id="mag_rich_cnctst_info_"+cnctst_id; document.body.appendChild(div); mag_ajax_update({ selector:"#mag_rich_cnctst_info_"+cnctst_id, url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/lexeme/showCnctstOnRich.do", data:{cnctst_id:cnctst_id,articleId:$("#articleId").val(),Count:5}, success:function(){ var content=''+$("#mag_rich_cnctst_info_"+cnctst_id).html()+''; piaofu(a,content); } }); }}function clickFigXref(a,figId){if(figId!=''){$("[mag-fig-id='"+figId+"']")[0].scrollIntoView();}}function clickTabXref(a,tabId){if(tabId!=''){document.getElementById(tabId).scrollIntoView();}}function huoqukuanduimg(){//}function doDataJsonText(text){var str = text;//var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();//var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');str = str.replace(/";ss += "";var shuomingTitle = "";var shuomingContent = '';if(fig.titleCn && fig.titleCn!=''){shuomingTitle = fig.titleCn;if(fig.titleContentCn && fig.titleContentCn!=''){shuomingContent += fig.titleContentCn;}}if(shuomingTitle==''){if(fig.titleEn && fig.titleEn!=''){shuomingTitle = fig.titleEn;}if(fig.titleContentEn && fig.titleContentEn!=''){shuomingContent += fig.titleContentEn;}}else{if(fig.titleEn && fig.titleEn!=''){shuomingContent += ""+fig.titleEn+"
皮蛋“松花”生长过程的探究

张蕾,沙琼,何静,张洪权
将皮蛋中的松花分离后进行XRD、FTIR、SEM、EDS表征，确定松花的主要成分为结晶态氢氧化镁。根据皮蛋制备工艺，对天然蛋白凝固过程进行观察和探究，以食品级MgCl2为外源镁，在天然蛋白和琼脂糖凝胶中模拟松花的形成和生长过程。添加不同外源金属离子，证实只有添加镁才有利于松花的生长。根据松花在不同凝胶中的生长共性，以扩散限制凝聚（DLA理论)初步解释松花的形成和生长机制。 "/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); }, doAfterFun:function(selector,jsonData){doMagVueAfter(selector,jsonData);}});//参考文献可视化richRefCharts(window.metaDatas);var pars = {attachType:'PDF',id:$("#articleId").val(),json:true};jQuery.post($("#mag-common-contextPath").val()+"/CN/article/showArticleFile.do?" + new Date().getTime(), pars, function(data){var json=null;if(data.match(/^\[json\].*/g)){json=eval("("+data.replace(/^\[json\]/g,"")+")");}if(json && json.status == 1){//有权限}else{//无权限$("#no-access-div").show();}});mag_ajax({url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do',data:{articleId:$("#articleId").val(),token:'bcafc6c356e64b94b530bcaa925bc529',referer:document.referrer},dataType:"json",async:"false",success:function(json){if(json.richHtmlJson && json.richHtmlJson.article){if(json.trans){var _nlmdtdXmlCN = $("#article_nlmdtdXmlCN").val();var magDirCN = _nlmdtdXmlCN.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');json.richHtmlJson.magDir=magDirCN;}else{json.richHtmlJson.magDir=magDir;}new mag_vue({ el: '#bodyVue', data:json.richHtmlJson, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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化学教学杂志

化学教学杂志2024年第8期

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